1. Hawthorn extract is extracted from the fruit of Hawthorn in Rosaceae.

 

  2. Main chemical components: there are proanthocyanidins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, fats and aromatic acids, organic amines: acetylcholine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, isoamylamine, sugar, sorbitol, p-sitosterol, adenosine, pectin, TRIACONTANE, carotene, vitamin C and some trace elements Etc.

 

3. Efficacy of hawthorn extract

 

(1) Help digestion: hawthorn is a traditional Chinese medicine, good at eliminating meat. Modern studies have shown that Hawthorn contains vitamin C, vitamin B, carotene and a variety of organic acids. Oral administration of Hawthorn can increase the secretion of digestive enzymes in the stomach, enhance the activity of enzymes and promote digestion. It has been reported that Hawthorn alcohol extract has two-way regulation effect on gastric smooth muscle activity of stimulated rats, which indicates that Hawthorn can obviously regulate gastrointestinal function disorder, and achieve the effect of strengthening spleen and eliminating food. Hawthorn fatty acids can also promote fat decomposition, hawthorn acid can improve the activity of protein decomposition enzyme, help digestion.

 

(2) Hawthorn's cardiovascular preventive and therapeutic effects: ① antihypertensive effect: hawthorn extracts have a certain cardiotonic effect on toad heart. Low dose injection has antihypertensive effect on anesthetized rabbits and mice. The principle of hypotension is to dilate peripheral blood vessels. ② The effect of reducing blood lipid and preventing atherosclerosis: modern research has proved that different extracts of hawthorn have certain lipid-lowering effects on various hyperlipidemia models induced by different animals. Hawthorn can increase high density lipoprotein (HDL) and reduce low density lipoprotein (LDL), which is beneficial to remove excessive cholesterol in peripheral tissues and improve lipid metabolism in vivo. Hawthorn and hawthorn flavonoids extract can significantly reduce the blood lipid of experimental hyperlipidemia rabbits and suckling rats, and have therapeutic effect on experimental atherosclerosis. ③ Strong heart, anti angina effect: Hawthorn can enhance muscle contractility, increase cardiac output and slow down the heart rhythm. Hawthorn and its leaf extract can increase myocardial contractility in a concentration related manner, without affecting the automatic rhythm of the heart, shortening the atrioventricular conduction time, and prolonging the effective refractory period in a concentration dependent manner. Hawthorn can also dilate coronary artery, increase coronary flow and reduce myocardial oxygen consumption. Hawthorn extract and hydrolysate had obvious antispasmodic effect on isolated rabbit blood vessels. The good pharmacological and clinical results of its standard extract indicate that it will be used as a substitute for synthetic drugs and become a new choice of phytotherapy for chronic heart failure. ④ Antiarrhythmic effect: hawthorn extract can resist arrhythmia caused by intravenous injection of aconitine, and its effect is strong, hawthorn flavonoids and saponins play a major role. Intravenous injection of hawthorn extract can antagonize arrhythmia induced by pituitrin injection in rabbits.

 

(3) Inhibition of platelet aggregation, antithrombotic effect: the total flavonoids of Hawthorn can accelerate the electrophoresis of platelets and red blood cells, significantly reduce the electrophoresis time, improve the hemodynamics, increase the surface charge of red blood cells and platelets, increase the repulsion between cells, accelerate their blood flow velocity, promote axial flow, reduce side flow and aggregation adhesion 。

 

(4) Anticancer effect: hawthorn extract can block the synthesis of benzylnitrosamine in vivo and induce cancer. The inhibitory effect of hawthorn extract on human embryonic lung 2BS cells and cancer cells.

 

(5) The results showed that the injection of hawthorn extract could significantly enhance the content of lysozyme in serum, the titer of hemagglutination antibody, T lymphocyte in heart blood, E rosette formation rate and T lymphocyte transformation rate in heart blood of rabbits, which indicated that Hawthorn could promote humoral immunity and cellular immunity.

 

(6) Antibacterial effect: experimental study showed that Hawthorn Decoction and ethanol extract had antibacterial effect on Shigella flexneri, Shigella flexneri, Shigella, Shigella, Shigella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, anthrax, Streptococcus B, diphtheria, typhoid, proteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, etc. It can be used as a plant disinfectant to treat frostbite infection and ulcer by external application of fresh or cooked products.

  (7) Analgesic effect: Hawthorn can make blood vessels dilate, help to relieve local blood stasis state, and has the function of contracting uterus and promoting uterine recovery.

 

(8) Protection of retina: hawthorn, medlar, jujube Decoction made of oral can improve the tolerance of CS2 rabbits to CS2, and has a certain degree of protective effect on retina.

 

(9) Other functions: Hawthorn also has diuretic, expectorant and antitussive effects. It can be used to treat chyluria, hiccup, vocal cord polyps, lower limb soft tissue injury, bone stick, psoriasis, neurodermatitis, eczema, etc., and can also be used to lose weight.

 

4. Application of hawthorn extract

 

According to the pharmacological effects of hawthorn, many hawthorn and hawthorn compound preparations have been used in clinical treatment of hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, arrhythmia and other cardiovascular diseases. The representative drugs in China are "Yixintong", "Hawthorn ketone" and "Xin'an capsule". In addition, hawthorn preparation can also be used for digestion and accumulation, anti-bacterial dysentery and other diseases. In addition to the above-mentioned uses, hawthorn can also protect the retina, inhibit distortion, and treat chyluria, hiccup, vocal cord polyps, lower limb soft tissue injury, bone stick, psoriasis, neurodermatitis, eczema, etc.

 

To sum up, procyanidins, flavonoids and triterpenoids in Hawthorn are active ingredients for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and anti-tumor. As a country rich in hawthorn, China has abundant Hawthorn resources with low cost. Therefore, it has a broad prospect to make full use of Hawthorn resources to develop and produce new drugs and functional health food.